During WWII the Nazi’s murdered over 6 million Jews, this period was called “The Holocaust” The Holocaust in general was one of the worst crimes anyone has ever committed. There were many events occurring during this period. I’m going to explain three events, which were very important to this period.

1) Wikipedia.com 2)March 25, 2008 3)Wannsee Conference Article 4)Jan. 31, 2008 5) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wannsee_conference 6)Its Wikipedia Search Engine

On 16 July 1941, Hitler addressed a meeting of ministers, including Reich’s Marshall Hermann Goring, which discussed the administration of the occupied Soviet territories. The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising was the largest Jewish revolt in the holocaust period. On Jan 18, 1943 the Jewish resistance revolted against the Nazi leaders in the camp. Dachau concentration camp was the very first concentration camp to open in Germany. On April 29, 1945 American soldiers liberated this camp capturing around 50,000 prisoners. These three events were very important to the holocaust timeline.

1)HistoryPlace.com 2) April, 1 2006 3)Holocaust Timeline 4)Jan. 31,2008 5)http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-wannsee.htm 6)Timeline

The Wannsee Conference had no violence or crimes against humanity, but the ideas proposed by Heydrich were evil and were the start to the crimes the Nazi’s made later. The Wannsee Conference was to discuss “The Jewish Question”, or how to remove Jews from German territory. Heydrich thought of a plan for the deportation of the Jewish population of Europe to German-occupied areas of the Soviet Union or the Jews of German-occupied Europe were sent to extermination or concentration camps, or killed where they lived. This would be one of the worst crimes you can commit in the U.S today.

1)ushmm.org 2) Everyday 3)Wannsee Conference and the Final Solution 4)Jan. 31, 2008 5) http://www.ushmm.org/outreach/wannsee.htm 6)Timeline

The Wannsee Conference on lasted for about 90 minutes, but it had a huge impact of the thinking style of Germans towards Jews. In preparation for the conference, Eichmann had prepared a list, by nation, of the numbers of Jews liable to be killed there was about 11 million Jews put on the list. The Wannsee Conference had to find a solution to get all of the Jews on German soil along with the other 11 million. So, Heydrich brought up many ideas of deportation, and the rest was is followed by excessive amounts of bloodshed of Jews. General Heydrich said, “\\\"the main purposes of the conference were, firstly, to establish the overall control of the deportation program by the RSHA over a number of important Reich authorities and thereby, secondly, to make the top representatives of the ministerial bureaucracy into accomplices and accessories to, and co-responsible for, the plan he was pursuing.”

1) Holocaust history 2) Feb. 4, 2004 3) The Wannsee Conference 4) Jan 31,2008 5) http://www.holocaust-history.org/short-essays/wannsee.shtml 6) short essay


On Jan. 18, 1943 a Jewish resistance formed in the Warsaw Ghetto and Jews revolted. This camp had killed 300,000 Jews before the deportation and revolt. The Warsaw revolt was overpowered by the Nazi’s and about 13,000 people died. Before the revolt thousands were dieing, but the main crime was the surprise deportation to the extermination camp. The sickest thing about it was that the Jews thought they were all going to a working camp, instead of meeting their death.

1)Wikipedia 2)March 30, 2008 3)Warsaw Ghetto Uprising 4)Jan. 31, 2008 5)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw_Ghetto_Uprising 6)wikipedia search engine

On January 18, 1943, the Germans began their second deportation of the Jews, which led to the first instance of armed revolt within the ghetto. While Jewish families hid in their bunkers, Germans and fighters engaged in two different fights. As a consequence, the deportation was halted within a few days, and only 5,000 Jews were removed instead of the planned 8,000. Finally, the SS came in and seduced the Jewish resistance. The Warsaw Ghetto had the largest revolt in Jewish history. The revolt was not successful but it was sort of a sign to the Nazi’s that the Jews can fight back.

1)ushmm.org 2) Everyday 3)Dachau 4)Jan. 31, 2008 5)http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=100052146)Timeline

The Dachau Camp was probably the worst crime against humanity in my three topics because it was the very first concentration camp in Germany and took about 20,000 prisoners not all Jew though. This camp was very large and symbolized Nazi camps along side Auschwitz camp. Heydrich’s idea from the Wannsee Conference finally came into place here until it liberated by American troops on April 25, 1945. This was a good up for Americans in the War. After the liberation some American troops shot the camp’s guards because the conditions were so horrendous.

1)Wikipedia 2)March 30, 2008 3)Dachau Camo4)Jan. 31, 2008 5)enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dachau_concentration_camp 6)wikipedia search

The Holocaust was one of the worst crimes committed against humanity ever. I really believe that The Dachau Camp was the worst crime against humanity out of the 3 subjects. The world should take what we learned from this period of time and take it into good thought. Is killing innocent people the way to solve problems? The Holocaust has luckily ended though, and we all hope this will never happen again.


1)ushmm.org 2) Everyday 3)Dachau 4)Jan. 31, 2008 5)http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=100052146)Timeline




Bibliography

1)Wikipedia.com 2)March 25, 2008 3)Wannsee Conference Article 4)Jan. 31, 2008 5) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wannsee_conference 6)Its Wikipedia Search Engine

1)HistoryPlace.com 2) April, 1 2006 3)Holocaust Timeline 4)Jan. 31,2008 5)http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-wannsee.htm 6)Timeline

1)ushmm.org 2) Everyday 3)Wannsee Conference and the Final Solution 4)Jan. 31, 2008 5) http://www.ushmm.org/outreach/wannsee.htm 6)Timeline

1)holocaust history 2)Feb. 4, 2004 3)The Wannsee Conference 4)Jan 31,2008 5) http://www.holocaust-history.org/short-essays/wannsee.shtml 6)short essay

1)ghwk 2)Nov, 4, 2007 3)House of the Wannsee Conference 4)Jan 31, 2008 5)http://www.ghwk.de/engl/kopfengl.htm 6) Historical Site

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

1)Wikipedia 2)March 30, 2008 3)Warsaw Ghetto Uprising 4)Jan. 31, 2008 5)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw_Ghetto_Uprising 6)wikipedia search engine

1) Wikipedia 2) March 27, 2008 3)Warsaw Ghetto 4)Jan 31, 2009 5)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw_Ghetto 6) wikipedia search engine

1)ushmm.org 2) Everyday 3)Warsaw Ghetto Uprising 4)Jan. 31, 2008 5)http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?ModuleId=10005188 6)Timeline

1)ushmm.org 2) Everyday 3)Warsaw Ghetto Uprising 4)Jan. 31, 2008 5)http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?ModuleId=10005188 6)Timeline

American Troops Liberate Dachau;
Mussolini Shot by Italian Partisans

1)Wikipedia 2)March 30, 2008 3)Dachau Camo4)Jan. 31, 2008 5)enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dachau_concentration_camp 6)wikipedia search

1)ushmm.org 2) Everyday 3)Dachau 4)Jan. 31, 2008 5)http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=100052146)Timeline

1)Wikipedia 2)March 30, 2008 3)Benito Mussolini4)Jan 31 2008 5) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benito_Mussolini

How would you feel if you were hated just because of your religion? In fact, Jewish people had to register themselves so that they could be identified easier. What if you were stuck in one spot when innocent people were being killed all around you? Imagine the aggravating feeling of losing your family one by one. How do you think it would feel after the many months of torture and discrimination when you are finally freed from your enemy? (Lipschits)

Hitler was one of the most evil persons to have ever lived, to be able to kill so many people without even caring. Hitler committed suicide on April 10, 1945 at the Fuhrer bunker. At 2:30 in the morning Hitler came out of his room to the dining room to say farewell to his staff members. His eyes were teary while he was shaking hands with all of his staff. That day at noon Hitler attended his last military situation conference and was told the Soviets were just a block away. After that conference Hitler sat down to eat his last meal of his life. What (All) he ate that day was a vegetarian lunch. While Hitler was eating lunch he told his chauffeur to deliver 200 liters of gasoline to the Chancellery garden. After Hitler finished his lunch he and his wife (Eva) said their goodbyes to all of their military staff members. (Goebbels)

Once Hitler and his wife said their goodbyes they went back to their rooms. A few minutes later their fellow comrades heard a gunshot coming from Hitler’s room. At 3:30 pm that day Hitler had shot himself and was found with his body sprawled on the sofa. He shot himself in the right temple. His wife Eva also died. She killed herself by swallowing poison. (Goebbels)

Their bodies were carried up to the Chancellery garden. In the garden there bodies were doused with gasoline and burned while the military staff stood by and gave the final Nazi salute. It took three hours of repeatedly dousing the bodies with gas to burn their bodies. The remains of the bodies were then put into a canvas and placed into a shell crater to be burned some more. Once Hitler was gone everyone began smoking. The reason that they then started to smoke is that Hitler hated it when people smoked in his presence. (Goebbels)

Being hated wasn’t enough; Jews also had to register on January 10, 1941. The people did not understand why they needed to register. Later on they found out that over 159,806 people registered just like them. Not all of the other people that registered were of the Jewish religion. In fact only 140,245 people were Jewish, the other 19,561 people were mishling; mishling is a mixed race and not all one religion. (Lipschits)

When the Jews registered they also had to complete a survey and submit it, only then would they receive proof of being registered. They had to pay one guilder to receive the proof of registration. If the people didn’t have proof of registration they could receive up to five years imprisonment. The Jews had laws by which they had to follow to register. They had to have at least three Jewish grandparents, also if you were married to or an offspring of a Jew you were considered Jewish and had to register. (Lipschits)

When the Jews were registering the Dutch authorities were instructed to enforce all laws completely. Also all Dutch people had to carry identity cards so that they could be identified as a Dutch person and not a Jewish person disguised as a Dutch person. The identity cards that they had to carry were called peosoonsbewijs. (Lipschits)

You stand in one spot looking around seeing innocent people being murdered all around you. You wouldn’t want to live because you are losing everyone, even your family. Today is July 29,1941, it is a day called Bloody Sunday. The Nazi’s killed over 2650 people in just the Death Train but that doesn’t include the others killed afterward. (Vashem)

Not only did they kill people walking in the streets but in their homes also. They didn’t just kill them they also arrested thousands and took them to the police office. A 14-year-old girl, Lazar Rozin describes, “They entered our house, screaming and pillaging all of our belongings. They ordered us out of the house, also my mother and my sisters. We walked to our police station and on the way we saw how people were beaten and bodies of dead Jews were strewn in the streets.” This quote describes what this young girl had to go thru just because she was Jewish. This quote describes what people had to go thru every day and every night. (Vashem)

About 4000 Jews were rounded up from everywhere in town. They were put in freight cars (the death trains) and transported. 2,650 of the people died from suffocation or thirst and the other people lost their sanity. Lazar Rozin says “ They piled us into the train… we did not know what was going to happen… we thought that they would not want to set the cars ablaze only because they did not want to destroy the locomotive itself. For five days we suffocated in that crowded train. Most people died in the car… we slept on the dead bodies.” This day was very unnecessary. The Germans were shooting without even looking. They didn’t even care who they were shooting. They only wanted to kill people. (Vashem)

Overall 6 million people were killed. Hitler was a horrible person and the world would not be the same without what happened. The world changed for neither the better nor the worse it just made it what it is today. The pain and the agony that the people had to go through, not many people in this day and age could go through


• Vashem, Yad; the Pogrom in Lasi in June 1941.
http://www1.yadvashem.org/education/lessonplan/english/iasi/iasi.htm#prog
2005

• Lipschits, Emeritus Isaac; Registration.
http://www.joodsmonument.nl/article-274292-en.html

• Goebbels, Joseph; History Place, The Death of Hitler.
http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/timeline/death.htm
1997

The city of Vitebsk is a city in Germany; during the holocaust this city experienced very bad times. On July 11, 1941, Vitebsk was occupied by the Germans and was particularly destroyed and burned down in the battle. Thousands of Jewish people lived there before World War II. 300 Jews accused of arson were singled out and killed. In Vitebsk in the early days of the occupation a governing body was appointed. And Jewish Council was charged with supplying Jews for forced labor.
Former capital of Bukovina, Cherenovisty Oblast was under Austrian rule up to 1918. Well from 1918 to 1940 it was part of Romania. The population in 1930 of the Jews was 46’000, 40% of the population. To me that’s very impressive. July 13,1941, Jews were arrested tens of thousands of them in fact. And were exiled to Siberia among them from community and Zionist leaders, people who had owned properties, and others seized at random.

Hitler and the Nazis committed the worst mass murder in history. During World War II over six million Jews were murdered by the Germans in what is now called “The Holocaust.” Many important events make up “The Holocaust Timeline”, including the following three. Beginning on September 19, 1941 the Germans made all Jews wear the yellow Star of David in public. This began the “marking” of the Jews which separated them from everyone else. The Germans then took it a step further by liquidating Jewish ghettos as they did to the Mir ghetto on August 9, 1942. Many Jews that survived the liquidations of the ghettos were moved to Bergen-Belsen prisoner of war camp beginning in April of 1943.

Many times throughout history the Jews had been made to wear identifying clothing articles, but these practices ended in the 1700’s. As Jennifer Rosenberg wrote, “The Nazis rarely had an original idea. Almost always what made the Nazi policies different was that they intensified, magnified, and institutionalized the age-old methods of persecution.” (Rosenberg)

Nazi Germany began persecution of the Jews in the 1930’s. In 1933, yellow Stars of David were painted on Jewish windows. “The Nazi’s meant for the yellow Star to be a sign of degradation and targeting”, according to Shoaheducation.com. In the late 1930’s, after World War II began, some areas controlled by Germany required Jews over the age of 10 to wear identifying badges on their clothing. (Kirkley)

By a decree issued on September 19, 1941 all Jews were required to wear badges in Germany and all occupied territories. This badge was a yellow Star of David with the word “Jude”, German for Jew. The badge had to be worn on the left side of the chest while in public.(Rosenberg)

The Jews tended to live together in small villages called “ghettos”. The Germans took over many of these ghettos, one of which was Mir Ghetto. Miriam Swirnowski-Lieder, a Jew living in Mir at the time wrote “The 22nd of June, 1941, the day Germany attacked Russia. On that day, our fate was sealed.” For over a year the Germans took everything of value from the Jews and destroyed just about everything else. (Swirnowski-Lieder)

The German Army in Mir used a young Polish man named Oswald Rufeisen as a translator. What they didn’t know was that he was a Jew and he knew some of the young Jews of Mir. He was able to steal some weapons and ammunition from the Germans which he gave to some of the Jews. They formed an organization and made preparations for resistance.
(Swirnowski-Lieder)

Oswald learned that on August 10, 1942, the Germans would begin the liquidation of Mir. He alerted the Jews so the night before he and 300 other Jews escaped Mir ghetto to the nearby forests. They joined the Russian resistance organization. Over the next few days the Germans burnt Mir to the ground and killed over 1500 of the remaining Jews. The survivors of the liquidation were sent by the Germans to camps throughout Germany.(Yad Vashem)

One of these camps was a prisoner of war camp named Bergen-Belsen. Bergen-Belsen was established in April of 1943 as a detention camp for prisoners who were to be traded for German prisoners in Allied countries. The first prisoners to arrive at Bergen-Belsen were 500 Jewish prisoners brought in to build the camp. Once the camp was built, Jewish prisoners from all over Europe were sent there.(Yad Vashem)

Five sub-camps were established at Bergen-Belsen. The first was a “prisoner’s camp” where the 500 builders of the camp lived. The second sub-camp was called the “special camp” which housed Jews with special documents or passports which they thought would make them free. Instead they were all sent to their deaths in Auschwitz. The third sub-camp was called the “neutral camp” and housed Jews from neutral countries. Conditions there were better than anywhere else in the camp. The fourth sub-camp, the largest, was the “star camp” which housed Jewish prisoners designated for exchange. These prisoners were required to wear the Star of David and very few were actually exchanged. The last of the sub-camps was the “Hungarian camp” who were Jews from Hungary. (Yad Vashem)

Prisoners too sick to work at other camps were brought to Bergen-Belsen. Anne Frank and her sister, Margot, both died of Typhus in Bergen-Belsen prison in 1945. Towards the end of World War II the conditions at Bergen-Belsen were horrific. The Shoah Resource Center states “In March 1945 alone some 18,000 prisoners died in this camp.” (Yad Vashem)

Three important events in “The Holocaust Timeline” were the marking of the Jews with the yellow Star of David, the German liquidation of the Mir Ghetto, and the establishment of Bergen-Belsen. The most significant fact to me about each of these events is that they didn’t turn out the way the Nazis intended. The marking of the Jews with the yellow Star of David did not humiliate the Jews. They turned the Star of David into a mark of Gods glory and it is now displayed on the flag of Israel. The Germans were not successful in liquidating the Mir Ghetto, and several hundred Jewish people escaped and began their rebellion. The Bergen-Belsen camp was built to free Jews in prisoner exchanges, but instead over 50,000 people died there. Even though “The Holocaust” didn’t turn out the way the Nazis intended, it was still the most gruesome mass murder in history.


Yellow Star of David:

1) Bard, Mitchell 2) (2008) 3) Holocaust Badges 4) Jewish Virtual Library 5) Retrieved February 3, 2008 from 6) http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/badges.html
7) The American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise (AICE) is an organization to strengthen the U.S.-Israel relationship by emphasizing the fundamentals of the alliance.

1) BIGpedia.com 2) 01/04/2007 3) Star of David 4) BIGpedia Encyclopedia Online 5) Retrieved February 17, 2008, from 6) http://www.bigpedia.com/encyclopedia/Star_of_David
7) BIGpedia.com is an online open-content encyclopedia, that is, a voluntary association of individuals and groups who are developing a common resource of human knowledge.

1) Christian Resource Center 2) (2008) 3) Star of David/Hexagram 4) Christian Resource Centre(Bermuda) 5) Retrieved February 3, 2008, from 6) http://www.nisbett.com/symbols/star-david.htm
7) This site is dedicated to the honor and glory of God.

1) Elizabeth Kirkley-Best, PhD; 2) (2003) 3) The Yellow Star 4) Shoah Education Project (Web) 5) Retrieved February 17, 2008, from 6) http://www.shoaheducation.com 7) Shoah Education Project Web, is a curriculum project which was begun in the Fall of 1997 to develop one of the first, online introductory sites on Shoah or Holocaust Education and Studies.

1) Rosenburg, Jennifer 2) (2008) 3) The Yellow Star 4) About.com 5) Retrieved February 3, 2008, from 6) http://history1900s.about.com/od/holocaust/a/yellowstar.htm 7) About.com is an online neighborhood of hundreds of helpful experts.


Mir Ghetto:

1) Kimble, Reeva 2) 2006, November 3) A history of the Jews of Mir, Belarus 4) Darkwing.uoregon.edu 5) Retrieved February 3, 2008, from 6) http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~rkimble/Mirweb/MirHistory.html
7) The UO is a comprehensive research university whose instructional, research, and public service programs advance scientific and humanistic knowledge while serving the educational, cultural, and economic needs of Oregon, the Pacific Northwest, and the Nation.

1) Swirnowski-Leider, Miriam 2) 2005, July 27 3) The German Occupation and Liquidation of Our Little Town 4) www.jewishgen.org 5) Retrieved February 17, 2008, from 6) http://www.jewishgen.org/Yizkor/mir/mir013.html 7) JewishGen is the home of Jewish Genealogy - A living Memorial to the Holocaust

1) U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum 2) (2007, October 25) 3) Resistance Plans and Escape from the Mir Ghetto 4) ushmm.org 5) Retrieved February 5, 2008, from
6) http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10007238
7) A multi-volume encyclopedic history of detention, forced labor, and extermination sites.

1) World66.com 2) No date given 3) History 4) World66.com 5) Retrieved February 3, 2008, from 6) http://www.world66.com/europe/belarus/hrodna_grodno/mir/history
7) World66 is an open content travel guide.

1) Yad Vashem The Holocaust Martyrs’ and Heroes’ Remembrance Authority 2) 2006 3) Escape from Mir Ghetto 4) yadvashem.org 5) Retrieved February 17, 2008, from 6) http://yad-vashem.or.il/remembrance 7) The Yad Vashem Studies is a series of 35 volumes to date, comprising conference proceedings and scholarly articles on every aspect of the Holocaust.


Bergen-Belsen:

1) Bulow, Louis 2) 2007 3) Bergen-Belsen KZ Camp. 4) auschwitz.dk 5) Retrieved February 3, 2008, from 6) http://auschwitz.dk/Bergenbelsen.htm 7) The Holocaust project was established in 1996 to promote education and awareness about Holocaust, the Nazi genocide.

1) United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. 2) No date given. 3) Bergen-Belsen. 4) Ushmm.org 5) Retrieved February 3, 2008, from 6)http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/dp//camp1.htm
7) A multi-volume encyclopedic history of detention, forced labor and extermination sites.

1) Waters, Melvin 2) July 5, 2005 3) Ambulance Driver Revisits Bergen-Belsen 4) AFS Intercultural Programs 5) Retrieved February 18, 2008, from 6) http://www.afs.org 7) AFS provides intercultural learning and volunteer opportunities for students, young adults, teachers and families through international exchange.

1) Weber, Mark 2) May-June 1995 3) Bergen-Belsen Camp-The suppressed story 4) Institute for Historical Review 5) Retrieved February 17, 2008, from 6) http://www.ihr.org 7) The Institute for Historical Review is an educational, public interest research and publishing center dedicated to promoting greater public awareness of the past.

1) Weiner, Rebecca. 2)2008. 3) Bergen-Belsen. 4) Jewish Virtual Library. 5) Retrieved February 3, 2008, from 6) http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/Belsen.html
7) The American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise (AICE) is an organization to strengthen the U.S.-Israel relationship by emphasizing the fundamentals of the alliance.

This paper describes three important events that helped free the Jews from the Holocaust. One event that I chose was, “Soviet troops liberate Majandek concentration camp; assassination attempt on Hitler in July, 1941.” Another was when “American troops liberate Buchenwald in July, 1937.” The last event was when, “The day the Soviet troops took Berlin on May 2, 1945.” These events were very important in the war and in the Holocaust timeline because they involved freeing Jews. Also, no more Jews would be sent to concentration camps, and all the camps would be liberated.

SOVIET TROOPS LIBERATE MAJDANEK CONCENTRATION CAMP; ASSASINATION ATTEMPT ON HITLER

When the Soviet Troops liberated Majdanek concentration camp, and when there was an assassination attempt on Hitler happened during the Holocaust in July 1941. SS chief Heinrich Himmler ordered the SS and Police Leader in Lublin, and SS Major General Odilo Globocnik, to construct a concentration camp in Lublin. On March 24, 1942, the SS Main Office in Oranienburg, Germany, informed Majdanek commandant Karl Otto Koch that Jews from Slovakia would arrive there in three days. Between March 29 and June 15, 1942, the SS diverts around 7,000 Slovak Jews bound for Auschwitz and Belzec to Majdanek.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_20_Plot


In 1944, there was a failed attempt to assassinate German dictator Adolf Hitler, the leader of the Germans. And to take power by means of a plan called Operation Walküre, which was supposed to subdue possible unrest. Wehrmacht Heer officer Claus von Stauffenberg, who was in charge of the German Reserve Army’s Walküre, played the key role. It was a role that gave him access to Hitler for reports. This assassination attempt was one of many. Swedish diplomat Raoul Wallenberg arrives in Budapest, Hungary, and saves nearly 33,000 Jews by issuing diplomatic papers and establishing \"safe houses.\"
http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10007298


On 1 July, 1944 Stauffenberg was appointed chief-of-staff to General Fromm at the Reserve Army headquarters on Bendlerstrasse in central Berlin. This position enabled Stauffenberg to attend Hitler’s military conferences, either in East Prussia or at Berchtesgaden, and would thus give him a golden opportunity, perhaps the last that would present itself, to kill Hitler with a bomb or a pistol. Conspirators who had long resisted the idea of killing Hitler on moral grounds now changed their minds—partly because they were hearing reports of the mass murder at Auschwitz, of up to 250,000 Hungarian Jews, the culmination of the Nazi Holocaust. Meanwhile new key allies had been gained. These included General Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel, the German military commander in France, who would take control in Paris when Hitler was killed and, it was hoped, negotiate an immediate armistice with the invading Allied armies.
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/maidanek.html


Soviet troops liberate the first concentration camp at Majdanek, where more than 360,000 people have been murdered. Auschwitz-Birkenau records its highest-ever daily number of people gassed and burned, at just over 9,000. Six huge pits are used to burn bodies, as the number exceeds the capacity of the crematories. All of these events happened in July of 1944. By the summer of 1944 the Gestapo was closing in on the conspirators. There was a sense that time was running out, both on the battlefield, where the Eastern front was in full retreat and where the Allies had landed in France on 6 June, and in Germany, where the resistance’s room for maneuver was rapidly contracting. The belief that this was the last chance for action seized the conspirators. By this time the core of the conspirators had begun to think of themselves as doomed men, whose actions were more symbolic than real. The purpose of the conspiracy came to be seen by some of them as saving the honor of themselves, their families, the Army and Germany through a grand, if futile gesture, rather than actually altering the course of history.
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/julyplot.html


The Majdanek concentration camp is situated in a major urban area, four kilometers from the city center of Lublin, and can be easily reached by trolley car. The location of the Majdanek camp is in an area of rolling terrain and can be seen from all sides; it could not be more public or accessible. It is located in an entirely open area with no trees around it to hide the activities inside the camp, as at Dachau. There was no security zone established around the Majdanek camp, as at Birkenau, and there is no natural protection, such as a river or a forest, as at Treblinka. Besides the fact of having any access to the camp, the assassination attempt on Hitler was a failure, and the assassin was to be killed. http://www.yellowstarfoundation.org/timeline/timeline.htm#1944


AMERICAN TROOPS LIBERATE BUCHENWALD

Buchenwald concentration camp was a Nazi concentration camp established on the Ettersberg, near Weimar, Thuringia, Germany, in July 1937, and one of the largest such camps on German soil. Camp prisoners worked primarily as forced labour in local armament factories. Inmates were Jews, political prisoners, homosexuals, Romani people, Jehovah\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Witnesses, Sinti, religious prisoners, criminals, and prisoners of war. They came from countries as varied as Russia, Poland, France, Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Netherlands, Belgium, Norway, Denmark, Spanish Republic, Latvia and Italy. Most of the political prisoners from the occupied countries were people of the resistance. From 1945 to 1950, Soviet authorities used the camp only.
http://www.newseum.org/holocaust/html/publicaccepts.html


A primary cause of the deaths was illness due to harsh camp conditions, and hunger was also prevalent. Malnourished and suffering from disease, many were literally \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"worked to death\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\", as inmates had only the choice between slave labour and inevitable execution. Many inmates died as a result of human experimentations or fell victim to arbitrary acts perpetrated by the SS guards, and yet other prisoners were simply murdered—the two primary methods of execution were shooting and hanging. At one point, the ashes of dead prisoners would be returned to their families in a sheet metal box—postage due, to be paid by the family. This practice was eventually stopped as more and more prisoners died.
http://www.writing.upenn.edu/~afilreis/Holocaust/buchenwald.html


The SS left behind accounts of the number of prisoners and people coming to and leaving the camp, categorizing those leaving them by release, transfer, or death. These accounts are one of the sources of estimates for the number of deaths in Buchenwald. According to SS documents, 33,462 died in Buchenwald. These documents were not, however, necessarily accurate: Among those executed before 1944 many were listed as “transferred to the Gestapo.” Furthermore, from 1941 forward Soviet POWs were executed in mass killings. Arriving prisoners selected for execution were not entered into the camp register and therefore were not among the 33,462 dead listed in SS documents.
http://www.worldwariihistory.info/1945.html


The camp was also a site of large-scale trials for vaccines against epidemic typhus in 1942 and 1943. In all 729 inmates were used as test subjects, with 280 of them dying as a result. Because of their long association in cramped quarters in Block 46, the typhus killed more people and infections lasted longer than would have been the case had healthy adults been infected with the disease.
http://www.ppu.org.uk/genocide/g_holocaust1.html


Up to 1942 the majority of the political prisoners consisted of communists. Later the proportion of other political prisoners increased considerably. Among the prisoners were also writers, doctors, artists, former nobility, and an Italian Princess. As late as April 6, 28,000 inmates were evacuated as part of Germany\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s liquidation of the camp programs. 19,000 remained. Half of them were Jews. This was a camp where prisoners, Jews and Gypsies alike, were tied up and dogs would attack them mercilessly. In the last few days it was estimated that 13,500 inmates died from exhaustion or were killed. http://www.scrapbookpages.com/Buchenwald/Liberation4.html


SOVIET TROOPS TAKE BERLIN

On May 2nd, 1945, a very large soviet troop army marched into Berlin. The final chapter in the destruction of Hitler\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Third Reich began on April 16, 1945 when Stalin unleashed the brutal power of 20 armies, 6,300 tanks, and 8,500 aircraft with the objective of crushing German resistance and capturing Berlin. The Battle of Berlin was one of the final battles of the European Theatre of World War II.
http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/berlin.html


German engineers turned the Oder\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s flood plain, already saturated by the spring thaw, into a swamp by releasing the waters in a reservoir upstream. Behind this the engineers built three belts of defensive emplacements. These emplacements reached back towards the outskirts of Berlin (the lines nearer to Berlin were called the Wotan position). These lines consisted of anti-tank ditches, anti-tank gun emplacements, and an extensive network of trenches and bunkers.
http://www.tech/edu.org


The Germans first came as brutal conquerors. Then they posed as liberators, only to betray the cause by overstaying their welcome and helping prop up an infamous wall. Russian President Boris N. Yeltsin sought to remind Germans, as well as the rest of the world, of just what a big favor the then-Soviet army did for everyone in World War II. At a loss of 20 million citizens and soldiers, the highest casualties suffered by any nation. The Soviets barely held off a Nazi onslaught before slogging and pounding all the way to the center of Berlin, where a surrounded Adolf Hitler took his own life rather than submit to his hated enemies from the east.
http://www.tech/edu.org


The Battle of Berlin was one of the final battles of the European Theatre of World War II. In what was known to the Soviets as the \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"Berlin Offensive Operation\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\", two massive Soviet army groups attacked Berlin from the east and south, while a third overran German forces positioned north of Berlin. The battle of Berlin lasted from late April 1945, until early May and was one of the bloodiest battles in history. The city\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s defenders surrendered on May 2. The Battle of Berlin was also one of the \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"bloodiest\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\" battles of World War II. It was also one of the last battles in the destruction of Hitler\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Third Reich. And Berlin was one of the biggest cities that the Soviets have ever taken. This battle was a great conquer for the Soviet Union.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Berlin


Berlin was then considered as the “Nazi/German headquarters” at the time. The city of Berlin was a great conquer for the soviet troops. Stalin wanted to take control of one of the most powerful cities in Europe. It would be very difficult to pull it off, but he did it. On April 16, 1945, Stalin ordered his 20 armies, 6,300 tanks, and 8,500 aircraft support. It took about 4 years until Berlin belonged to the Soviet Union.
http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/berlin.html


By this time, it was clear that the final defeat of the Third Reich was only a few weeks away. The Wehrmacht had, at most, eight percent of the fuel it needed to operate effectively, and both the production and the quality of fighter aircraft and tanks deteriorated from their heights in 1944. However, it was also known that the fighting would be as fierce as at any other time in the war. The Germans fought bitterly, because of national pride, the Allied insistence on unconditional surrender, and to buy time for the German people to flee from the Red Army.
http://en.wikipedia.org


The Western Allies had tentative plans to drop paratroopers to occupy Berlin in case of a sudden German collapse. No offensive was planned to seize the city. U.S. General Dwight D. Eisenhower saw no need to suffer casualties in attacking a city that would be in the Soviet sphere of influence after the war. The major Western Allied contribution to the battle was the strategic bombing of Berlin during 1945. During 1945 USAAF launched a number of very large daytime raids on Berlin and for 36 nights in succession scores of RAF Mosquitos bombed the German capital, ending on the night of 20/21 April 1945 just before the Soviets entered the city.
http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.html


On March 20, General Gotthard Heinrici was appointed Commander-in-Chief of Army Group Vistula replacing Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler. Heinrici was one of the best defensive tacticians in the German army. He immediately started to lay defensive plans. Heinrici correctly assessed that the main Soviet thrust would be made over the Oder River and along the main east-west Autobahn. He decided not to try to defend the banks of the Oder with anything more than a light skirmishing screen. Instead, Heinrici arranged for engineers to fortify the Seelow Heights, which overlooked the Oder River at the point where the Autobahn crossed it. This was some 17 kilometers west of the Oder and 90 kilometers east of Berlin.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main


These three important events helped free the Jews. One of these events was, “Soviet troops liberate Majandek concentration camp; assassination attempt on Hitler.” Another was when “American troops liberate Buchenwald.” The last event was when, “The Soviet troops took Berlin.” These three events were important in the war and in the Holocaust timeline because they involved freeing Jews from their concentration camps. And with Hitler dead, no more Jews would be sent to concentration camps, and all the concentration camps were liberated.

**BIBLIOGRAPHY**
SOVIET TROOPS TAKE BERLIN
May 2, 1945

1\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"The Battle of Berlin, 1945,\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\" EyeWitness to History, www.eyewitnesstohistory.com (2002). Accessed Febuary 1st, 2008. http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/berlin.htm
The final chapter in the destruction of Hitler\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Third Reich began on April 16, 1945 when Stalin unleashed the brutal power of 20 armies, 6,300 tanks and 8,500 aircraft with the objective of crushing German resistance and capturing Berlin.




2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Berlin. Accessed Feb. 6 2008. The Battle of Berlin was one of the final battles[12] of the European Theatre of World War II.

3http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2002/01/24/wbeev24.xml&sSheet=/news/2002/01/24/ixworld.html. Accessed Feb. 6 2008. Berlin was one of the biggest cities that the Germans have ever taken.

4http://www-tech.mit.edu/V114/N37/russian.37w.html. Accessed Feb. 6 2008. They came as brutal conquerors. Then they posed as liberators, only to betray the cause by overstaying their welcome and helping prop up an infamous wall.

5http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9C0CE5DD103BEE3ABC4C53DFB3668383609EDE. Accessed Feb. 6 2008. GERMANS DEFEAT FINNS, TAKE 20,000; Berlin Reports Decisive Victory After Five Days\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\' Battle Near Lakhti and Tavasthus.

SOVIET TROOPS LIBERATE MAJDANEK CONCENTRATION CAMP; ASSASINATION ATTEMPT ON HITLER
July 20, 1944

1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_20_Plot. Accessed Feb. 19, 2008. The July 20 plot of 1944 was a failed attempt to assassinate German dictator Adolf Hitler, the leader of Nazi Germany, and to take power by means of a plan called Operation Walküre, which was supposed to subdue possible unrest.

2http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10007298. Accessed Feb. 25, 2008. On a visit to Lublin in July 1941, SS chief Heinrich Himmler orders the SS and Police Leader in Lublin, SS Major General Odilo Globocnik to construct a concentration camp in Lublin.

3http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/julyplot.html. Accessed Feb. 25, 2008. At the end of 1943 the Schutz Staffeinel (SS) and the Gestapo managed to arrest several Germans involved in plotting to overthrow Adolf Hitler. Major Claus von Stauffenberg now emerged as the leader of the group opposed to Nazi rule. In 1942, he decided to kill Adolf Hitler.

4http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/maidanek.html. Accessed Feb. 25, 2008. The Majdanek concentration camp is situated in a major urban area, four kilometers from the city center of Lublin, and can be easily reached by trolley car. The location of the Majdanek camp is in an area of rolling terrain and can be seen from all sides; it could not be more public or accessible.

5http://www.yellowstarfoundation.org/timeline/timeline.htm#1944. Accessed Feb. 25, 2008. Soviet troops liberate the first concentration camp at Majdanek, where more than 360,000 people have been murder.

AMERICAN TROOPS LIBERATE BUCHENWALD
April 11, 1945

1http://www.newseum.org/holocaust/html/publicaccepts.htm. Accessed Feb. 25, 2008. April 1945: American troops liberate concentration camps, including those at Buchenwald and Dachau.

2http://www.writing.upenn.edu/~afilreis/Holocaust/buchenwald.html. Accessed Feb. 25, 2008. With a solemn and highly emotional gathering at the site of the former Buchenwald concentration camp, Germany today began a month of ceremonies to remember the victims of the Nazi horror.

3http://www.worldwariihistory.info/1945.html. Accessed Feb. 25, 2008. U.S. troops reach the Buchenwald concentration camp and discover that the prisoners had liberated themselves from a forced evacuation.

4http://www.ppu.org.uk/genocide/g_holocaust1.html. Accessed Feb. 25, 2008. American troops liberate Buchenwald, Dachau and Mauthausen.

5http://www.scrapbookpages.com/Buchenwald/Liberation4.html. Accessed Feb. 25, 2008. The first soldiers who arrived at the Buchenwald camp on April 11, 1945 were with the 6th Armored Division of the US Third Army, but the camp had already been taken over by the prisoners a few hours earlier and it was not necessary to break down the fence surrounding the camp.

Africa needs more support in other to acheave the MDG's to me a lot need to be done on the part of children development.This years STAND UP EVENT was a joyest one i have ever taking part, in the North/Tamale at Dakpemah primary school children age at 10-14years come out in their numbers to stand up against the poverty in the Northern Region of Ghana/Tamale and it was imprissing if much care is given the children would do more on the part of the acheavement of the MDG's.
Tamale been one of the poorist cities in Ghana and for that matter my group is taking the MDG's campang serious and needs more support to run activities so if any body is intrested in taking part can contact me @ kaabarah@gmail.com/+233-20-8283186.We are planning more projects towards 2008 and we need schools in the developed countries to partner with my here.